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...ame is associated with a [[List of topics named after Leonhard Euler|large number of topics]]. ...e'' for the base of the [[natural logarithm]] (now also known as [[Euler's number]]), the Greek letter [[Sigma|Σ]] for summations and the letter <math>i</mat ...

.... While these are familiar from many [[mathematical structure]]s, such as number systems—for example, the [[integer]]s endowed with the [[addition]] operati ...]]s and [[simple group]]s. In addition to their abstract properties, group theorists also study the different ways in which a group can be expressed concretely ...

...he Laplacian nebular model dominated in the 19th century, it encountered a number of difficulties. The main problem was [[angular momentum]] distribution bet ...ied only to our own [[Solar System]], the SNDM was subsequently thought by theorists to be at work throughout the [[universe]]; over 340 [[extrasolar planet]]s ...

[[Image:PascalTriangleAnimated2.gif|thumb|[[Pascal's triangle]]. Each number is the sum of the two directly above it. The triangle demonstrates many mat |}He defines the numbers in the triangle by [[recursion]]: Call the number in the (m+1)st row and (n+1)st column t_mn. Then t_mn ...

...of infinities". He defined the [[cardinal number|cardinal]] and [[ordinal number|ordinal]] numbers and their arithmetic. Cantor's work is of great philosoph Cantor's theory of [[transfinite number]]s was originally regarded as so counter-intuitive—even shocking—that it en ...

...the same [[neurochemistry]] as humans. Putnam concluded that type-identity theorists had been making an "ambitious" and "highly implausible" conjecture which co ...ressions of the language.<ref name="MLR" /> Since there is no limit to the number of such expressions which must be considered, Putnam embraced a form of [[s ...

...between the increasing redshifts and the increasing distance of galaxies. Theorists almost immediately realized that these observations could be explained by a ...cope]]s and improvements in [[astronomical spectroscopy|spectroscopes]], a number of collaborations have been made to map the universe in redshift space. By ...

...of the [[Solar System]] is estimated to have begun 4.6&nbsp;[[1000000000 (number)|billion]] years ago with the [[gravitation]]al collapse of a small part of ...0]] which only form in exploding, short-lived stars. This indicates that a number of [[supernova]]e occurred near the Sun while it was forming. A [[shock wav ...

...solar day]]s.<ref group=note>The number of solar days is one less than the number of [[sidereal day]]s because the orbital motion of the Earth about the Sun }}</ref> Some theorists believe that without this stabilization against the [[torque]]s applied by ...